Carry Trading: What Is It and How to Profit From It?

This article will describe this long term trading strategy used mostly by institutional investors. We will be highlighting rewards and risks in a simple way to make it possible for you to use it as well.

With carry trading, you can make or lose money even if the price of a currency pair remains static for a long time. It will also help you understand the reasons behind some of the market's moves, especially during volatile and risk-off periods.

What is carry trading?

Even though it is possible to have carry trades in a variety of financial instruments and investments, the basic premise is the same.

Positive carry trading occurs when someone borrows an asset with low interest rates to finance the investment in an asset with a higher return. For example, borrowing money at 2% and then investing the funds in an asset that pays 5%. This is easily done in the Forex market because currencies are traded in pairs, so a positive carry trade is obtained when a trader buys ("carries") a high interest rate currency (for example, AUD) and sells a low interest rate one (such as JPY).

Negative carry trades, as expected, are the opposite of positive carriers strategy. This situation happens when the yield of holding an asset isn't sufficient to cover its financing costs. For example, shorting AUD/JPY.

So how does this type of trading work in Forex?

Because you're holding positions overnight, interest much be debited/credited when the contracts are swapped, depending on the interest rate differential between the two currencies, and whether you're long or short. You always "receive" interest on the currency you own, and "pay" on the currency you sell. Then the differential is debited/credited on the account.

If the currency you bought had a higher interest rate than the other one in the pair, that's a positive carry. The opposite would be the negative carry.

How to make profit with this financial instrument?

The best potential carry trades are obviously the ones where there is a big interest rate differential between the two currencies, but that alone is not enough. For a trade to be profitable, your position should at least maintain its value over time. However, in some cases, if the interest rate differential is very big it may be possible to make money even if the market moves slightly against your position.

Remember this type of trade does not yield good profit in a very short run. Instead, the trade yields good profit with a long term strategy.

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Buying Into Bitcoins

With the 21st century demand for quick and big profits, one of the most controversial new investment vehicles has been Bitcoins, the virtual currency. It's gained controversy partly because of its volatility, partly through the instability of Bitcoin exchanges and partly because their in-traceability meant they were a favored payment method for criminals.

Things are changing and after a particularly volatile spell in which one of the main exchanges, MtGox, filed for bankruptcy, the currency seems to have settled into a more stable pattern allowing investors to be able to take a measured view of whether to risk their money in a currency that technically doesn't exist.

Volatility

Although Bitcoins are becoming increasingly popular, the market is still quite small, meaning that good and bad news can have a disproportionate effect on the price. The long term outlook for Bitcoins is potentially good, meaning that the upside on price is stronger than the potential for a decline over the long term. Most brokers recommend that you consider Bitcoin a medium to long term investment because of its volatility. Think of it in terms of real estate. No one buys and sells houses many times a day and there can be significant drops in property prices but the long term trend for property prices is usually up. The same can be said for Bitcoins. Whilst there is a significant daily trade in the currency, many Bitcoins are held as investments as analysts believe that it's likely the price of Bitcoins will rise long term because they are becoming more widely accepted.

Influencers

As with all financial instruments, prices are influenced by supply and demand. Bitcoins are no different but what has caused big fluctuations in price has been the unusual nature of the news that influenced the supply and demand:

• The bankruptcy of MtGox, one of the biggest Bitcoin exchanges

• The closing down of Silk Road which allegedly accepted Bitcoins for drug trading

• The disclosure by the US government that, despite the negative uses of Bitcoins, they believed that the currency had a future

• The media has also stirred up interest by reporting on milestones in the currency's rise and fall, trumpeting the rise to over $1000 and its subsequent plummet on bad publicity.

Generally the advice on investing in Bitcoins is to sit and watch the market for a couple of weeks to get an idea of how the currency trades, its volatility and trends. It's difficult to find rumor that hasn't instantly affected the value, so many suggest investing a small amount and simply watching for opportunities, a little like setting take profit levels with shares and Forex, you can do the same on Bitcoins; it's just a bit longer process and a little less automated.

Just like with any investment, the value can fall, and events like the collapse of MtGox and the closing down of Silk Road, negatively affected Bitcoins; not just because demand was reduced but also because Bitcoins were falsely linked with the companies by urban myth. The market seems to be becoming more regular, but not necessarily regulated, as more exchanges come online. Some of the exchanges will go the same way as MtGox but others will consolidate and become stronger and more reliable. No doubt official regulation will be applied to Bitcoins in due course at which time the volatility is likely to reduce.

Bitcoins represent an exciting and potentially lucrative medium to long term investment vehicle. Exciting because it hasn't yet been accepted into the mainstream of currencies or investment vehicles. One thing investors like about Bitcoins is their conviction to prospects as was in gold

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